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Science of SEM

This section focuses on the research completed to develop the SEM assessment technology foundational science and mode of operation. Including how SEM assessment technology identifies increased risk of pressure injury and how to treat a high SEM (∆) delta as a stage/category 1 pressure injury to prevent them from further deterioration.

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Evaluating the Sensitivity, Specificity and Clinical Utility of Algorithms of Spatial Variation in Sub-Epidermal Moisture (SEM) for the Diagnosis of Deep and Early-Stage Pressure-Induced Tissue Damage.

Gershon, S., Okonkwo, H. 2021. Journal of Wound Care

Aim: To evaluate the ability of an objective test, the SEM, to discriminate between subjects with confirmed pressure injury with intact skin versus those with no pressure damage.

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Identification of Increased Risk of Pressure Damage With a Sub-Epidermal Moisture Scanner: Clinical Outcomes and Cost-Effectiveness.

Budri, A. 2020. British Journal of Healthcare Management

Aim: This article reviews the use of a sub-epidermal moisture (SEM) scanning device as an early and robust method of identifying the increased risk of pressure damage before it is visible on the surface of the skin. This could allow the implementation of early interventions and potentially decrease the frequency of hospital-acquired pressure injury.

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Using Sub-Epidermal Moisture Level as an Indicator of Early Pressure Damage to Local Skin and Tissue.

Gershon, S. 2020. Advances in Skin and Wound Care

Aim: The primary aim of this study was to determine whether levels of SEM from repeated measures at a localized area confirm the absence of a pressure injury at that site in healthy participants.

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A Blinded Clinical Study Using a Sub-Epidermal Moisture Biocapacitance Measurement Device for Early Detection of Pressure Injuries.

Okonkwo, H. et al. 2020. Wound Repair and Regeneration

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of subepidermal moisture (SEM), a biomarker employed for early detection of pressure injury, compared to the “Gold Standard” of clinical skin and tissue assessment (STA), and to characterize the timing of SEM changes relative to the diagnosis of a pressure injury.

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Sensitivity and Laboratory Performances of a Second-Generation Sub-Epidermal Moisture Measurement Device.

Peko, L. et al. 2020. International Wound Journal

Aim: We were interested in experimentally evaluating the sensitivity and laboratory performances of a second generation design of a new sub-epidermal moisture (SEM) measurement device that is able to identify localised fluid content changes in skin and subdermally, which may precede a pressure injury.

Bibliography

Click here to access our extensive SEM assessment technology bibliography

If you would like to discuss any of the clinical, health economic or real-world evidence on the website or would like further information on them the team would be happy to assist. Please contact us at: info@bruinbiometrics.com

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